In the context of climate change and with development of cities, the presence of urban forests represents a solution of vital importance for the life and health of people in urban areas. Urban forests are defined as systems that include forest areas, groups of trees or individual trees in urban and peri-urban areas.

UrbanFoS project, based on soil analyses, field and laboratory simulations of different climate conditions, determines the current, but also predicts the future state of urban forests if the impact of urbanization and climate change continues or increases. The most important result of the UrbanFoS project is definition of soil degradation indicators applicable to urban forests, which are based on principles of "climate-smart" forestry, representing an adaptive forest management and governance system created to protect and enhance the potential of forests to adapt to and mitigate climate change.

The results of UrbanFoS project will, through the improvement and preservation of the condition of urban forests, contribute to better fulfillment of their most important functions: reduction of air pollution, microclimate regulation, regulation of stormwater runoff, etc. UbranFoS will further define measures to mitigate the effects of soil degradation processes based on the principle of ecological engineering and Nature-Based Solutions.